Paint vehicle



WILLIAM N. BLAKEMAN, JR., OF MOUNT VERNON, NEW YORK PAINT VEHICLE.

No Drawing".

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM N. BLAKE- MAN, J12, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the city of Mount Vernon, in the county of lVestchester and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Paint Vehicle, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

The object of this invention is to produce a vehicle which, when combined with a pigment, will show an increased resistance to weathering attacks and cause the paint to approach more nearly to a permanent covering.

The present system of structural painting is largely based upon the unique union of Dutch white lead as a pigment and linseed oil as a vehicle, These, when properly ground together, form a hydrated metallic soap, which, when spread on a plain surface, furnishes a smooth and homogeneous insoluble film. The atmospheric elements, however, soon attack the bond, which is the oil-vehicle, in this combination, and cause it to pass by insensible gradations from an insoluble to a soluble condition, relaxing the bonding effect, releasing the pigment, and thus rapidly disintegrating the paint. This early destruction of the present paint films, by atmospheric hydrolysis, aided by a weak alkaline reaction of the Dutch white lead pigment, is owing to the yielding character of linseed oil to weak hydrolytic influences; as, being strong in its oxygen afiinities, it is feeble in its resistance to even weak atmosphe'ic hydrolytic action, becoming progressively sensitive to incipient hydrolysis by its progressive oxidation.

I have discovered that this disintegration of all oil. paint films can be delayed very greatly in its inception, and its progressive development indefinitely retarded, by reinforcing and fortifying the oil-vehicle em ployed, with non-drying oils or fats which show a resista'nceto feeble saponi'fying attack or a repellent indifference to incipient atmospheric hydrolysis, so that, such nondrying oils will enter into combination with any dryingoilvehicle, or drying-oil paintcompound.

The'non-drying oils which may be used are preferably those belonging to the group of vegetable fatty oils, and of these I prefer cocoanut oil and palm-kernel oil (or palm nut oil), both of which have a high resistance to weak hydrolytic action. These sub- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 16, 1921.

Patented July 18, 19. 553,

Serial No. 461,961.

stances, which are flowing oils at summer heats, but chill to a solid or semi-solid condition at somewhat lower temperatures, are miscible with and solublein oil-vehicles by the aidof heat and can be introduced to the extent of from 5% to 20%, and will not cloud, flock, or chill out, but will remain in clear solution at temperatures very much below their thickening point. The result will be a great improvement in the spreadmg power of the vehicle for all pigments, particularly anhydrous pigments, and especially when the vehicle carries an appreciable proportion of mineral oil, such as a mineral oil of the Texas oil type.

Because of its abundance on the market, I prefer to use cocoanut oil, and if five or six parts oflinseed oil, carrying 10% of cocoa nut oil, be ground with twelve parts of Dutch white lead, and spread on a plain surface, the mixture will firm to the touch in eight or nine hours, under favorable atmospheric conditions, and subsequently indurate into a durable film, the resistance of the film to the elements being strongly supported by the presence of the cocoanut oil and the life of the paint greatly prolonged. I have further discovered that tung oil is a very efficient solvent for these nondrying oils or fats, even at common temperatures, and, when added in the proportion of from 12% to 15% to the oil-vehicle, prevents clouding or flocking at temperatures approaching freezing, and reduces the firming of the paint to one third or one half the timethus: if five or six parts of linseed. oil, carrying 10% of cocoanut oil and 15% of tung oil, be ground with twelve parts of Dutch white lead, and spread on a plain surface, the mixture will firm to the touch in from two and one-half to three hours, under favorable atmospheric conditions, and

subsequently indurate into a permanent film resistant to atmospheric and abrasive infiu ences. A mixture of six parts of cottonseed oil, carrying 15% of tung oil and 10% of cocoanut oil, and ten parts of zinc lead (composed of zinc oxide and 10% lead sulphate) will firm to the touch in four or five hours under like atmospheric conditions.

Very satisfactory compositions can be formed, especially with anhydrous pigments, by using in the vehicle a proportion of mineral oil of the Texas type, either in an untreated condition, or hydrogenated or oxidized or both; or a mineral oil of the Pennsylvania typehydrogenatbd or oxidized, or both. I prefer oxidized Texas oil. Thus, if six parts of cottonseed oil carrying 5% of cocoanut oil, of tung oil and 10% of oxidized Texas oil, be ground with ten parts of zinc lead, the mixture when spread will firm and indurate satisfactorily and form an economical. and permanent paint.

With slightchanges in. proportions of vehicles and pigments, all the oils (drying, semi-drying, non-drying, and mineral) and all the pigments (hydrated and anhydrous) which fall Within the economical scope of the painting art, can be employed.

In all cases, the usual proportion of a suitable commercial drier is to be used.

Light, heat, electricity, agitation, pressure, oxidation and hydrogenation, may be employed if deemed advisable.

It will, of course, be understood that by the term oil, as used in this specification and in the claims, to designate the vegetable non-drying oils and fats Which have a high resistance to hydrolysis, I intend to cover the use of such substances Whether they are in a liquid, semi-solid, or solid, condition at the time of use.

The mixture of non-drying vegetable fatty oils, having a high resistance to hydrolysis, with tang oil, is broadly claimed in my application No. 505,626 filed October 5, 1921; the use of such non-drying fatty oils in paint-compositions is claimed in appli cation No. 505,62el, filed October 5, 1921; and the grinding of pigments to paste form, in such non-drying fatty oils, is specifically claimed in application, No. 505,625 filed October 5, 1921.

Having thus fully described my inven tion, I claim: 1. A paint-vehicle carrying a non-drying WM. N. BLAKEh IAN J11.

carrying cocoanut oil 

